Editing Ancient Aliens — Puma Punku and Tiwanaku (section)

=== Archaeological Explanation ===
The Tiwanaku builders had access to:
* '''Copper and bronze tools''': The Andean cultures developed sophisticated metallurgy; copper and bronze chisels and abrasives are sufficient to cut and shape sandstone and andesite
* '''Stone masonry traditions''': The Andean highlands had centuries of stone construction tradition preceding Puma Punku
* '''Abundant labor''': The mit'a labor system mobilized large organized workforces for state construction projects
* '''Stone templates and geometry''': Skilled masons using stone templates, cords, and plumb lines can produce the geometric precision observed at Puma Punku

Geologist David Lindroth and archaeologist Alexei Vranich, who have studied Puma Punku in detail, note that the blocks are made of relatively soft sandstone (easily cut with metal tools) and that the apparent "identical" forms reflect the use of geometric templates — a standard practice in pre-Columbian Andean stonework.

The claim that Puma Punku's construction required machine tools has been specifically tested by experimental archaeologist archaeological teams who replicated the relevant cuts using copper chisels, stone abrasives, and simple templates.

[[Category:Ancient Aliens]]
[[Category:Ufology]]
[[Category:UFO]]
[[Category:Aliens]]