Space Shuttle Missions

From KB42

Template:Short description Template:For

File:Space Shuttle Columbia launching.jpg
Launch of Space Shuttle Columbia on 12 April 1981 at Pad 39A for mission STS-1

The Space Shuttle was a partially reusable low Earth orbital spacecraft system operated by NASA (the National Aeronautics and Space Administration). Its official program name was Space Transportation System (STS), taken from a 1969 plan for a system of reusable spacecraft of which it was the only item funded for development.[1] Operational missions launched numerous satellites, conducted science experiments in orbit, and participated in construction and servicing of the International Space Station (ISS). The first of four orbital test flights occurred in 1981, leading to operational flights beginning in 1982.

From 1981 to 2011 a total of 135 missions were flown, all launched from Kennedy Space Center (KSC) in Florida. During that time period the fleet logged 1,322 days, 19 hours, 21 minutes and 23 seconds of flight time.[2] The longest orbital flight of the Shuttle was STS-80 at 17 days 15 hours, while the shortest flight was STS-51-L at one minute 13 seconds when the Space Shuttle Challenger broke apart during launch. The cold morning shrunk an O-Ring on the right Solid Rocket Booster causing the external fuel tank to explode. The shuttles docked with Russian space station Mir nine times and visited the ISS thirty-seven times. The highest altitude (apogee) achieved by the shuttle was Template:Cvt when deploying the Hubble Space Telescope.[3] The program flew a total of 355 people representing 16 countries, and with 852 total shuttle fliers.[4] The Kennedy Space Center served as the landing site for 78 missions, while 54 missions landed at Edwards Air Force Base in California and one mission landed at White Sands, New Mexico.[5]

The first orbiter built, Enterprise, was used for atmospheric flight tests (ALT) but future plans to upgrade it to orbital capability were ultimately canceled. Four fully operational orbiters were initially built: Columbia, Challenger, Discovery, and Atlantis. Challenger and Columbia were destroyed in mission accidents in 1986 and 2003 respectively, killing a total of fourteen astronauts. A fifth operational orbiter, Endeavour, was built in 1991 to replace Challenger. The Space Shuttle was retired from service upon the conclusion of STS-135 by Atlantis on 21 July 2011.Template:Sfn

Flight numbering

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File:Shuttle profiles.jpg
Profiles of all five orbiters at launch.

The U.S. Space Shuttle program was officially referred to as the Space Transportation System (STS). Specific shuttle missions were therefore designated with the prefix "STS".[2] Initially, the launches were given sequential numbers indicating order of launch, such as STS-7. Subsequent to the Apollo 13 mishap, due to Administrator of NASA James M. Beggs's triskaidekaphobia and consequent unwillingness to number a forthcoming flight as STS-13,[6][7][8][9] beginning in 1984, each mission was assigned a code, such as STS-41-B, with the first digit (or pair of digits for years 1990 and beyond) indicating the federal fiscal year offset into the program (so 41-B was scheduled for FY 1984, 51-A thru 51-L originally for FY 1985, and the third flight in FY 1995 would have been named 151-C), the second digit indicating the launch site (1 was Kennedy Space Center and 2 was Space Launch Complex 6 at Vandenberg Air Force Base, although Vandenberg was never used), and the letter indicating scheduling sequence.[10] These codes were assigned when the launches were initially scheduled and were not changed as missions were delayed or rescheduled.Template:Sfn The codes were adopted from STS-41-B through STS-51-L (although the highest code used was actually STS-61-C), and the sequential numbers were used internally at NASA on all processing paperwork.

After the Challenger disaster, NASA returned to using a sequential numbering system, with the number counting from the beginning of the STS program. Unlike the initial system, however, the numbers were assigned based on the initial mission schedule, and did not always reflect actual launch order. This numbering scheme started at 26, with the first flight as STS-26R—the R suffix stood for "reflight" to disambiguate from prior missions. The suffix was used for two years through STS-33R, then the R was dropped.Template:Sfn As a result of the changes in systems, flights under different numbering systems could have the same number with one having a letter appended, e.g. flight STS-51 (a mission carried out by Discovery in 1993) was many years after STS-51-A (Discovery's second flight in 1984).Template:Sfn It wasn't until STS-127 in 2009 where the flight numbering system returned to a standard and consistent order.

Shuttle flights

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File:Enterprise free flight.jpg
Enterprise on one of its five free-flights during the Approach and Landing Test program

Test flights

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Template:Main

The Approach and Landing Test program encompassed 16 separate tests of Enterprise, covering taxi tests, uncrewed and crewed flights on the Shuttle Carrier Aircraft (SCA), and finally the free flight tests. The following list includes the free-flight tests, durations listed count only the orbiter free-flight time. The list does not include total time aloft along with airborne time atop of the Boeing 747 Shuttle Carrier Aircraft (SCA).

Order Launch date Mission Shuttle Crew Duration Launch Pad Landing site Notes Sources
1 12 August 1977 ALT-12
File:Enterprise 1977 Approach and Landing Test mission patch.png
 Enterprise 2 00 h 05 m N/A Edwards Template:Sfn[11]Template:Sfn[12]
2 13 September 1977 ALT-13
File:Enterprise 1977 Approach and Landing Test mission patch.png
 Enterprise 2 00 h 05 m Edwards
  • Second free flight
 Template:Sfn[11]
3 23 September 1977 ALT-14
File:Enterprise 1977 Approach and Landing Test mission patch.png
 Enterprise 2 00 h 05 m Edwards
  • Third free flight
 Template:Sfn[11]
4 12 October 1977 ALT-15
File:Enterprise 1977 Approach and Landing Test mission patch.png
 Enterprise 2 00 h 02 m Edwards
  • Fourth free flight
  • First flight without tailcone (operational configuration)
 Template:Sfn[11][12]Template:Sfn
5 26 October 1977 ALT-16
File:Enterprise 1977 Approach and Landing Test mission patch.png
 Enterprise 2 00 h 02 m Edwards
  • Final free flight
  • Final non-captive flight of Enterprise
  • First landing on runway rather than lakebed
 Template:Sfn[11]Template:Sfn

Launches and orbital flights

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Order Launch date Mission Shuttle CrewTemplate:Efn Duration Launch Pad Landing Site Notes Sources
1 Template:Sort
12:00:04 UTC
07:00:04 EST 		Template:Center
File:Sts-1-patch.png
 Columbia 2 02d 06h LC-39A Edwards
  • First reusable orbital spacecraft flight
  • Maiden flight of Columbia
 Template:SfnTemplate:SfnTemplate:Sfn
2 Template:Sort
15:10:00 UTC
10:10:00 EST 		Template:Center
File:Sts-2-patch.png
 Columbia 2 02d 06h LC-39A Edwards
  • First reuse of a crewed orbital space vehicle
  • First test of Canadarm robot arm
  • Truncated due to fuel cell problem
  • Shortest orbital mission flown
 Template:SfnTemplate:SfnTemplate:Sfn
3 Template:Sort
16:00:00 UTC
11:00:00 EST 		Template:Center
File:Sts3-patch.png
 Columbia 2 08d 00h LC-39A White Sands Template:SfnTemplate:Sfn[13]
4 Template:Sort
15:00:00 UTC
11:00:00 EDT 		Template:Center
File:STS-4 patch.svg
 Columbia 2 07d 01h LC-39A Edwards Template:Sfn[14][15]Template:Sfn
5 Template:Sort
12:19:00 UTC
07:19:00 EST 		Template:Center
File:STS-5 mission insignia.png
 Columbia 4 05d 02h LC-39A Edwards Template:SfnTemplate:Sfn[16]Template:Sfn
6 Template:Sort
18:30:00 UTC
13:30:00 EST 		Template:Center
File:Sts-6-patch.png
 Challenger 4 05d 00h LC-39A Edwards [17]Template:Sfn
7 Template:Sort
11:33:00 UTC
07:33:00 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-7-patch.png
 Challenger 5 06d 02h LC-39A Edwards [18]Template:Sfn
8 Template:Sort
06:32:00 UTC
02:32:00 EDT 		Template:Center
File:STS-8 patch.png
 Challenger 5 06d 01h LC-39A Edwards
  • Comsat deployment
  • First flight of an African American in space, Guion Bluford
  • Test of robot arm on heavy payloads with Payload Flight Test Article
  • First night landing
 [19]Template:Sfn
9 Template:Sort
16:00:00 UTC
11:00:00 EST 		Template:Center
File:Sts-9-patch.png
 Columbia 6 10d 07h LC-39A Edwards [20]Template:Sfn
10 Template:Sort
13:00:00 UTC
08:00:00 EST 		Template:Center
File:Sts-41-b-patch.png
 Challenger 5 07d 23h LC-39A Kennedy [21]Template:Sfn
11 Template:Sort
13:58:00 UTC
08:58:00 EST 		Template:Center
File:STS-41-C patch.png
 Challenger 5 06d 23h LC-39A Edwards [22][23]Template:Sfn
12 Template:Sort
12:41:50 UTC
08:41:50 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-41-d-patch.png
 Discovery 6 06d 00h LC-39A Edwards
  • Multiple comsat deployments
  • Maiden flight of Discovery
  • Test of OAST-1 Solar Array
 [24]Template:Sfn
13 Template:Sort
11:03:00 UTC
07:03:00 EDT 		Template:Center
File:STS-41-G patch.png
 Challenger 7 08d 05h LC-39A Kennedy [25]Template:Sfn
14 Template:Sort
12:15:00 UTC
07:15:00 EST 		Template:Center
File:Sts-51-a-patch.png
 Discovery 5 07d 23h LC-39A Kennedy
  • Multiple comsat deployments
  • Retrieval of two other comsats (Palapa B2 and Westar VI), which were subsequently refurbished on Earth and reflown
 [26]Template:Sfn
15 Template:Sort
19:50:00 UTC
14:50:00 EST 		Template:Center
File:Sts-51-c-patch.png
 Discovery 5 03d 01h LC-39A Kennedy [14][27]Template:Sfn
16 Template:Sort
13:59:05 UTC
08:59:05 EST 		Template:Center
File:Sts-51-d-patch.png
 Discovery 7 06d 23h LC-39A Kennedy [28]Template:Sfn
17 Template:Sort
16:02:18 UTC
12:02:18 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-51-b-patch.png
 Challenger 7 07d 00h LC-39A Edwards
  • First mission with Spacelab module in a fully operational configuration
  • Conducted experiments in microgravity
 [29]Template:Sfn
18 Template:Sort
11:33:00 UTC
07:33:00 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-51-g-patch.png
 Discovery 7 07d 01h LC-39A Edwards [30]Template:Sfn
19 Template:Sort
22:00:00 UTC
18:00:00 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-51-f-patch.png
 Challenger 7 07d 22h LC-39A Edwards
  • Spacelab mission
  • Abort to Orbit. Faulty temperature sensor incorrectly indicated that fuel turbine discharge temperature exceeded the limit. Therefore, one main engine was shut down at T+345 s, resulting in a much lower orbit than planned.
  • All mission objectives achieved
 [31]Template:Sfn
20 Template:Sort
10:58:01 UTC
06:58:01 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-51-i-patch.png
 Discovery 5 07d 02h LC-39A Edwards [32]Template:Sfn
21 Template:Sort
15:15:30 UTC
11:15:30 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-51-j-patch.png
 Atlantis 5 04d 01h LC-39A Edwards [14][33]Template:Sfn
22 Template:Sort
17:00:00 UTC
12:00:00 EST 		Template:Center
File:STS-61-a-patch.png
 Challenger 8 07d 00h LC-39A Edwards
  • Largest crew on a spaceflight
  • Third flight of Spacelab
  • Spacelab-D1 microgravity experiments
  • Mission funded by West Germany
  • Last successful mission of Challenger
  • First Dutchman in space, Wubbo Ockels
 [34]Template:Sfn
23 Template:Sort
24:29:00 UTC
19:29:00 EST 		Template:Center
File:Sts-61-b-patch.png
 Atlantis 7 06d 21h LC-39A Edwards [35]Template:Sfn
24 Template:Sort
11:55:00 UTC
06:55:00 EST 		Template:Center
File:STS-61-c-patch.png
 Columbia 7 06d 02h LC-39A Edwards [36]Template:Sfn
25 Template:Sort
16:38:00 UTC
11:38:00 EST 		Template:Center
File:STS-51-L.svg
 Challenger 7 00d 00h 01m 13s LC-39B Template:Nowrap [37]Template:Sfn
26 Template:Sort
15:37:00 UTC
11:37:00 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-26-patch.png
 Discovery 5 04d 01h LC-39B Edwards
  • Tracking and data relay satellite (TDRS-C) deployment
  • First post-Challenger flight
 [38]Template:Sfn
27 Template:Sort
14:30:34 UTC
09:30:34 EST 		Template:Center
File:Sts-27-patch.png
 Atlantis 5 04d 09h LC-39B Edwards [14][39]Template:Sfn[40]
28 Template:Sort
14:57:00 UTC
09:57:00 EST 		Template:Center
File:Sts-29-patch.png
 Discovery 5 04d 23h LC-39B Edwards
  • Tracking and data relay satellite (TDRS-D) deployment
  • IMAX camera
  • Space Station Heat Pipe Advanced Radiator Element I space station radiator experiment
 [41]Template:Sfn
29 Template:Sort
18:46:59 UTC
14:46:59 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-30-patch.png
 Atlantis 5 04d 00h LC-39B Edwards [42]Template:Sfn
30 Template:Sort
12:37:00 UTC
08:37:00 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-28-patch.png
 Columbia 5 05d 01h LC-39B Edwards [14][43]Template:Sfn
31 Template:Sort
16:53:40 UTC
12:53:40 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-34-patch.png
 Atlantis 5 04d 23h LC-39B Edwards [44]Template:Sfn
32 Template:Sort
24:23:30 UTC
19:23:30 EST 		Template:Center
File:Sts-33-patch.png
 Discovery 5 05d 00h LC-39B Edwards
  • Fifth classified DoD mission
  • Deployment of Magnum
 [14][45]Template:Sfn
33 Template:Sort
12:35:00 UTC
07:35:00 EST 		Template:Center
File:STS-32 patch.png
 Columbia 5 10d 21h LC-39A Edwards [46]Template:Sfn
34 Template:Sort
07:50:22 UTC
02:50:22 EST 		Template:Center
File:Sts-36-patch.png
 Atlantis 5 04d 10h LC-39A Edwards [14][47]Template:Sfn
35 Template:Sort
12:33:51 UTC
08:33:51 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts31 flight insignia.png
 Discovery 5 05d 01h LC-39B Edwards [48]Template:Sfn
36 Template:Sort
11:47:15 UTC
07:47:15 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-41-patch.png
 Discovery 5 04d 02h LC-39B Edwards [49]Template:Sfn
37 Template:Sort
23:48:15 UTC
18:48:15 EST 		Template:Center
File:STS-38 patch.svg
 Atlantis 5 04d 21h LC-39A Kennedy
  • Seventh classified DoD mission
  • Likely SDS2-2 deployed
 [14][50]Template:Sfn
38 Template:Sort
06:49:01 UTC
01:49:01 EST 		Template:Center
File:Sts-35-patch.svg
 Columbia 7 08d 23h LC-39B Edwards
  • Use of ASTRO-1 observatory
 [51]Template:Sfn
39 Template:Sort
14:22:45 UTC
09:22:45 EST 		Template:Center
File:Sts-37-patch.png
 Atlantis 5 05d 23h LC-39B Edwards [52]Template:Sfn
40 Template:Sort
11:33:14 UTC
07:33:14 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-39-patch.png
 Discovery 7 08d 07h LC-39A Kennedy
  • First unclassified DoD mission
  • Military science experiments
 [14][53]Template:Sfn
41 Template:Sort
13:24:51 UTC
09:24:51 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-40-patch.png
 Columbia 7 09d 02h LC-39B Edwards [54]Template:Sfn
42 Template:Sort
15:02:00 UTC
11:02:00 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-43-patch.png
 Atlantis 5 08d 21h LC-39A Kennedy
  • Tracking and data relay satellite (TDRS-E) deployment
 [55]Template:Sfn
43 Template:Sort
23:11:04 UTC
19:11:04 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-48-patch.png
 Discovery 5 05d 08h LC-39A Edwards [56]Template:Sfn
44 Template:Sort
23:44:00 UTC
18:44:00 EST 		Template:Center
File:Sts-44-patch.png
 Atlantis 6 06d 22h LC-39A Edwards [57]Template:Sfn
45 Template:Sort
14:52:33 UTC
09:52:33 EST 		Template:Center
File:Sts-42-patch.png
 Discovery 7 08d 01h LC-39A Edwards [58]Template:Sfn
46 Template:Sort
13:13:40 UTC
08:13:40 EST 		Template:Center
File:Sts-45-patch.png
 Atlantis 7 08d 22h LC-39A Kennedy
  • ATLAS-1 science platform
 [59]Template:Sfn
47 Template:Sort
23:40:00 UTC
19:40:00 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-49-patch.png
 Endeavour 7 08d 21h LC-39B Edwards [60]Template:Sfn
48 Template:Sort
16:12:23 UTC
12:12:23 EDT 		Template:Center
File:STS-50 patch.svg
 Columbia 7 13d 19h LC-39A Kennedy [61]Template:Sfn
49 Template:Sort
13:56:48 UTC
09:56:48 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-46-patch.png
 Atlantis 7 07d 23h LC-39B Kennedy [62]Template:Sfn
50 Template:Sort
14:23:00 UTC
10:23:00 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-47-patch.png
 Endeavour 7 07d 22h LC-39B Kennedy
  • Spacelab-J
  • First flight of an African-American woman in space, Mae Jemison
  • Japan funded mission
 [63]Template:Sfn
51 Template:Sort
17:09:39 UTC
13:09:39 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-52-patch.png
 Columbia 6 09d 20h LC-39B Kennedy
  • LAGEOS II deployment
  • Microgravity experiments
 [64]Template:Sfn
52 Template:Sort
13:24:00 UTC
08:24:00 EST 		Template:Center
File:STS-53 patch.svg
 Discovery 5 07d 07h LC-39A Edwards
  • Partially classified 10th and final DoD mission
  • Likely deployment of SDS2 satellite
 [14][65]Template:Sfn
53 Template:Sort
13:59:30 UTC
08:59:30 EST 		Template:Center
File:Sts-54-patch.png
 Endeavour 5 05d 23h LC-39B Kennedy
  • Tracking and data relay satellite (TDRS-F) deployment
 [66]Template:Sfn
54 Template:Sort
05:29:00 UTC
01:29:00 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-56-patch.png
 Discovery 5 09d 06h LC-39B Kennedy
  • ATLAS-2 science platform
 [67]Template:Sfn
55 Template:Sort
14:50:00 UTC
10:50:00 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-55-patch.png
 Columbia 7 09d 23h LC-39A Edwards [68]Template:Sfn
56 Template:Sort
13:07:22 UTC
09:07:22 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-57-patch.png
 Endeavour 6 09d 23h LC-39B Kennedy [69]Template:Sfn
57 Template:Sort
11:45:00 UTC
07:45:00 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-51-patch.png
 Discovery 5 09d 20h LC-39B Kennedy
  • ACTS satellite deployed
  • Orbiting Retrievable Far and Extreme Ultraviolet Spectrometer with IMAX camera deployed
 [70]Template:Sfn
58 Template:Sort
14:53:10 UTC
10:53:10 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-58-patch.png
 Columbia 7 14d 00h LC-39B Edwards [71]Template:Sfn
59 Template:Sort
09:27:00 UTC
04:27:00 EST 		Template:Center
File:Sts-61-patch.png
 Endeavour 7 10d 19h LC-39B Kennedy [72]Template:Sfn
60 Template:Sort
12:10:00 UTC
07:10:00 EST 		Template:Center
File:Sts-60-patch.png
 Discovery 6 07d 06h LC-39A Kennedy [73]Template:Sfn
61 Template:Sort
13:53:00 UTC
08:53:00 EST 		Template:Center
File:Sts-62-patch.png
 Columbia 5 13d 23h LC-39B Kennedy
  • Microgravity experiments
 [74]Template:Sfn
62 Template:Sort
11:05:00 UTC
07:05:00 EDT 		Template:Center
File:STS-59 patch.svg
 Endeavour 6 11d 05h LC-39A Edwards
  • Experiments aboard Shuttle Radar Laboratory-1
 [75]Template:Sfn
63 Template:Sort
04:43:00 UTC
00:43:00 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-65-patch.png
 Columbia 7 14d 17h LC-39A Kennedy [76]Template:Sfn
64 Template:Sort
22:22:05 UTC
18:22:05 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-64-patch.png
 Discovery 6 10d 22h LC-39B Edwards
  • Multiple science experiments
  • SPARTAN
 [77]Template:Sfn
65 Template:Sort
11:16:00 UTC
07:16:00 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-68-patch.png
 Endeavour 6 11d 05h LC-39A Edwards
  • Experiments aboard Space Radar Laboratory-2
 [78]Template:Sfn
66 Template:Sort
16:59:43 UTC
11:59:43 EST 		Template:Center
File:Sts-66-patch.png
 Atlantis 6 10d 22h LC-39B Edwards
  • ATLAS-3 science platform
 [79]Template:Sfn
67 Template:Sort
05:22:04 UTC
00:22:04 EST 		Template:Center
File:Sts-63-patch.png
 Discovery 6 08d 06h LC-39B Kennedy [80]Template:Sfn
68 Template:Sort
06:38:13 UTC
01:38:13 EST 		Template:Center
File:Sts-67-patch.svg
 Endeavour 7 16d 15h LC-39A Edwards
  • ASTRO-2 Deployment
 [81]Template:Sfn
69 Template:Sort
19:32:19 UTC
15:32:19 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-71-patch.png
 Atlantis 7/8 09d 19h LC-39A Kennedy
  • First Shuttle-Mir docking
 [82]Template:Sfn
70 Template:Sort
13:41:55 UTC
09:41:55 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-70-patch.png
 Discovery 5 08d 22h LC-39B Kennedy
  • Tracking and data relay satellite (TDRS-G) deployment
 [83]Template:Sfn
71 Template:Sort
15:09:00 UTC
11:09:00 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-69-patch.png
 Endeavour 5 10d 20h LC-39A Kennedy [84]Template:Sfn
72 Template:Sort
13:53:00 UTC
09:53:00 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-73-patch.png
 Columbia 7 15d 21h LC-39B Kennedy [85]Template:Sfn
73 Template:Sort
12:30:43 UTC
07:30:43 EST 		Template:Center
File:Sts-74-patch.png
 Atlantis 5 08d 04h LC-39A Kennedy
  • Second Shuttle-Mir docking
  • Delivered docking module
  • Delivered IMAX cargo bay camera
 Template:Sfn[86]
74 Template:Sort
09:41:00 UTC
04:41:00 EST 		Template:Center
File:Sts-72-patch.png
 Endeavour 6 08d 22h LC-39B Kennedy [87]Template:Sfn
75 Template:Sort
20:18:00 UTC
15:18:00 EST 		Template:Center
File:Sts-75-patch.png
 Columbia 7 15d 17h LC-39B Kennedy
  • Tethered satellite reflight, lost due to broken tether
 [88]Template:Sfn
76 Template:Sort
08:13:04 UTC
03:13:04 EST 		Template:Center
File:Sts-76-patch.png
 Atlantis 6/5 09d 05h LC-39B Edwards
  • Shuttle-Mir docking
 [89]Template:Sfn
77 Template:Sort
10:30:00 UTC
06:30:00 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-77-patch.png
 Endeavour 6 10d 00h LC-39B Kennedy [90]Template:Sfn
78 Template:Sort
14:49:00 UTC
10:49:00 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-78-patch.png
 Columbia 7 16d 21h LC-39B Kennedy [91]Template:Sfn
79 Template:Sort
08:54:49 UTC
04:54:49 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-79-patch.png
 Atlantis 6/6 10d 03h LC-39A Kennedy
  • Shuttle-Mir docking
 [92]Template:Sfn
80 Template:Sort
19:55:47 UTC
14:55:47 EST 		Template:Center
File:Sts-80-patch.png
 Columbia 5 17d 15h LC-39B Kennedy
  • Wake Shield Facility
  • Orbiting and Retrievable Far and Extreme Ultraviolet Spectrometer-Shuttle Pallet Satellite (ORFEUS) II
  • Longest Space Shuttle mission flown
 [93]Template:Sfn
81 Template:Sort
09:27:23 UTC
04:27:23 EST 		Template:Center
File:Sts-81-patch.png
 Atlantis 6/6 10d 04h LC-39B Kennedy
  • Shuttle-Mir docking
 [94]Template:Sfn
82 Template:Sort
08:55:17 UTC
03:55:17 EST 		Template:Center
File:Sts-82-patch.png
 Discovery 7 09d 23h LC-39A Kennedy [95]Template:Sfn
83 Template:Sort
19:20:32 UTC
14:20:32 EST 		Template:Center
File:Sts-83-patch.png
 Columbia 7 03d 23h LC-39A Kennedy
  • Spacelab mission
  • Truncated due to fuel cell problem
 [96]Template:Sfn
84 Template:Sort
08:07:48 UTC
04:07:48 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-84-patch.png
 Atlantis 7/7 09d 05h LC-39A Kennedy
  • Shuttle-Mir docking
 [97]Template:Sfn
85 Template:Sort
18:02:00 UTC
14:02:00 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-94-patch.png
 Columbia 7 15d 16h LC-39A Kennedy [98]Template:Sfn
86 Template:Sort
14:41:00 UTC
10:41:00 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-85-patch.png
 Discovery 6 11d 20h LC-39A Kennedy
  • Deployed and retrieved Cryogenic Infrared Spectrometers and Telescopes for the Atmosphere-Shuttle Pallet Satellite-2 (CRISTA-SPAS)
 [99]Template:Sfn
87 Template:Sort
14:34:19 UTC
10:34:19 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-86-patch.svg
 Atlantis 7/7 10d 19h LC-39A Kennedy
  • Shuttle-Mir docking
 [100]Template:Sfn
88 Template:Sort
19:46:00 UTC
14:46:00 EST 		Template:Center
File:Sts-87-patch.svg
 Columbia 6 15d 16h LC-39B Kennedy [101]Template:Sfn
89 Template:Sort
02:48:15 UTCTemplate:Efn
21:48:15 EST 		Template:Center
File:Sts-89-patch.svg
 Endeavour 7/7 08d 19h LC-39A Kennedy
  • Shuttle-Mir docking
 [102]Template:Sfn
90 Template:Sort
18:19:00 UTC
14:19:00 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-90-patch.svg
 Columbia 7 15d 21h LC-39B Kennedy [103]Template:Sfn
91 Template:Sort
22:06:24 UTC
18:06:24 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-91-patch.svg
 Discovery 6/7 09d 19h LC-39A Kennedy
  • Last Shuttle-Mir docking
 [104]Template:Sfn
92 Template:Sort
19:19:34 UTC
14:19:34 EST 		Template:Center
File:STS-95 Patch.svg
 Discovery 7 08d 21h LC-39B Kennedy [105]Template:Sfn
93 Template:Sort
08:35:34 UTC
03:35:34 EST 		Template:Center
File:Sts-88-patch.svg
 Endeavour 6 11d 19h LC-39A Kennedy [106]Template:Sfn
94 Template:Sort
10:49:42 UTC
06:49:42 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-96-patch.svg
 Discovery 7 09d 19h LC-39B Kennedy [107]Template:Sfn
95 Template:Sort
04:31:00 UTC
00:31:00 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-93-patch.png
 Columbia 5 04d 22h LC-39B Kennedy [108]Template:Sfn
96 Template:Sort
00:50:00 UTCTemplate:Efn
19:50:00 EST 		Template:Center
File:STS-103 Patch.svg
 Discovery 7 07d 23h LC-39B Kennedy [109]Template:Sfn
97 Template:Sort
16:43:40 UTC
12:43:40 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-99-patch.png
 Endeavour 6 11d 05h LC-39A Kennedy [110]Template:Sfn
98 Template:Sort
10:11:10 UTC
06:11:10 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-101-patch.png
 Atlantis 7 09d 21h LC-39A Kennedy [111]Template:Sfn
99 Template:Sort
12:45:47 UTC
08:45:47 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-106-patch.png
 Atlantis 7 11d 19h LC-39B Kennedy [112]Template:Sfn
100 Template:Sort
23:17:00 UTC
18:17:00 EST 		Template:Center
File:Sts-92-patch.svg
 Discovery 7 12d 21h LC-39A Edwards [113]Template:Sfn
101 Template:Sort
03:06:01 UTCTemplate:Efn
22:06:01 EST 		Template:Center
File:Sts-97-patch.svg
 Endeavour 5 10d 19h LC-39B Kennedy [114]Template:Sfn
102 Template:Sort
23:13:02 UTC
18:13:02 EST 		Template:Center
File:Sts-98-patch.svg
 Atlantis 5 12d 21h LC-39A Edwards [115]Template:Sfn
103 Template:Sort
11:42:09 UTC
06:42:09 EST 		Template:Center
File:STS-102 Patch.svg
 Discovery 7/7 12d 19h LC-39B Kennedy
  • ISS supply and crew rotation
 [116]Template:Sfn
104 Template:Sort
18:40:42 UTC
14:40:42 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-100-patch.png
 Endeavour 7 11d 21h LC-39A Edwards [117]Template:Sfn
105 Template:Sort
09:03:59 UTC
05:03:59 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-104-patch.png
 Atlantis 5 12d 18h LC-39B Kennedy [118]Template:Sfn
106 Template:Sort
21:10:14 UTC
17:10:14 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-105-patch.png
 Discovery 7/7 11d 21h LC-39A Kennedy
  • ISS supply and crew rotation
 [119]Template:Sfn
107 Template:Sort
22:19:28 UTC
17:19:28 EST 		Template:Center
File:STS-108 Patch.svg
 Endeavour 7/7 11d 19h LC-39B Kennedy
  • ISS supply and crew rotation
 [120]Template:Sfn
108 Template:Sort
11:22:02 UTC
06:22:02 EST 		Template:Center
File:STS-109 patch.svg
 Columbia 7 10d 22h LC-39A Kennedy [121]Template:Sfn
109 Template:Sort
20:44:19 UTC
16:44:19 EDT 		Template:Center
File:STS-110 patch.svg
 Atlantis 7 10d 19h LC-39B Kennedy [122]Template:Sfn
110 Template:Sort
21:22:49 UTC
17:22:49 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-111-patch.png
 Endeavour 7/7 13d 20h LC-39A Edwards [123]Template:Sfn
111 Template:Sort
19:45:51 UTC
15:45:51 EDT 		Template:Center
File:STS-112 Patch.svg
 Atlantis 6 10d 19h LC-39B Kennedy [124]Template:Sfn
112 Template:Sort
00:49:47 UTCTemplate:Efn
19:49:47 EST 		Template:Center
File:STS-113 Patch.svg
 Endeavour 7/7 13d 18h LC-39A Kennedy [125]Template:Sfn
113 Template:Sort
15:39:00 UTC
10:39:00 EST 		Template:Center
File:STS-107 Flight Insignia.svg
 Columbia 7 15d 22h LC-39A Template:Nowrap [126]Template:Sfn
114 Template:Sort
14:39:00 UTC
10:39:00 EDT 		Template:Center
File:STS-114 patch.svg
 Discovery 7 13d 21h LC-39B Edwards
  • First post Columbia flight
  • Flight safety Evaluation/testing
  • ISS supply/repair
  • MPLM Raffaello
 [127]Template:Sfn
115 Template:Sort
18:37:55 UTC
14:37:55 EDT 		Template:Center
File:STS-121 patch.svg
 Discovery 7/6 12d 18h LC-39B Kennedy
  • ISS Flight ULF1.1: supply and crew rotation
  • MPLM Leonardo
 [128]Template:Sfn
116 Template:Sort
15:14:55 UTC
11:14:55 EDT 		Template:Center
File:STS-115 patch.png
 Atlantis 6 11d 19h LC-39B Kennedy [129]Template:Sfn
117 Template:Sort
24:47:35 UTC
20:47:35 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-116-patch.png
 Discovery 7/7 12d 21h LC-39B Kennedy [130]Template:Sfn
118 Template:Sort
23:38:04 UTC
19:38:04 EDT 		Template:Center
File:STS-117 patch.png
 Atlantis 7/7 13d 20h LC-39A Edwards [131]Template:Sfn
119 Template:Sort
22:36:42 UTC
18:36:42 EDT 		Template:Center
File:STS-118 patch new.svg
 Endeavour 7 12d 18h LC-39A Kennedy [132]Template:Sfn
120 Template:Sort
15:38:19 UTC
11:38:19 EDT 		Template:Center
File:Sts-120-patch.png
 Discovery 7/7 15d 02h LC-39A Kennedy [133]Template:Sfn
121 Template:Sort
19:45:30 UTC
14:45:30 EST 		Template:Center
File:STS-122 patch.png
 Atlantis 7/7 12d 18h LC-39A Kennedy [134]Template:Sfn
122 Template:Sort
06:28:14 UTC
02:28:14 EDT 		Template:Center
File:STS-123 Patch.svg
 Endeavour 7/7 15d 18h LC-39A Kennedy [135]Template:Sfn
123 Template:Sort
21:02:12 UTC
17:02:12 EDT 		Template:Center
File:STS-124 patch.svg
 Discovery 7/7 13d 18h LC-39A Kennedy [136]Template:Sfn
124 Template:Sort
24:55:39 UTC
19:55:39 EST 		Template:Center
File:STS-126 patch.svg
 Endeavour 7/7 15d 20h LC-39A Edwards [137]Template:Sfn
125 Template:Sort
23:43:44 UTC
19:43:44 EDT 		Template:Center
File:STS-119 Patch.svg
 Discovery 7/7 12d 19h LC-39A Kennedy [138]Template:Sfn
126 Template:Sort
18:01:56 UTC
14:01:56 EDT 		Template:Center
File:STS-125 patch.svg
 Atlantis 7 12d 21h LC-39A Edwards [139]Template:Sfn[140]
127 Template:Sort
22:03:10 UTC
18:03:10 EDT 		Template:Center
File:STS-127 Patch.svg
 Endeavour 7/7 15d 16h LC-39A Kennedy
  • ISS assembly flight 2J/A: Japanese Experiment Modoules Exposed Facility (EF) and ELM ES
 [141]Template:Sfn
128 Template:Sort
03:59:37 UTCTemplate:Efn
23:59:37 EDT 		Template:Center
File:STS-128 patch.png
 Discovery 7/7 13d 21h LC-39A Edwards [142]Template:Sfn
129 Template:Sort
19:28:01 UTC
14:28:01 EST 		Template:Center
File:STS-129 patch.png
 Atlantis 6/7 10d 19h LC-39A Kennedy [143]Template:Sfn
130 Template:Sort
09:14:07 UTC
04:14:07 EST 		Template:Center
File:STS-130 patch.png
 Endeavour 6 13d 18h LC-39A Kennedy [144]Template:Sfn
131 Template:Sort
10:21:25 UTC
06:21:25 EDT 		Template:Center
File:STS-131 patch.png
 Discovery 7 15d 03h LC-39A Kennedy [145]Template:Sfn
132 Template:Sort
18:20:09 UTC
14:20:09 EDT 		Template:Center
File:STS-132 Patch.svg
 Atlantis 6 11d 18h LC-39A Kennedy [146]Template:Sfn
133 Template:Sort
21:53:24 UTC
16:53:24 EST 		Template:Center
File:STS-133 patch.svg
 Discovery 6 12d 19h LC-39A Kennedy [147]Template:Sfn
134 Template:Sort
12:56:28 UTC
08:56:28 EDT 		Template:Center
File:STS-134 Patch.svg
 Endeavour 6 15d 18h LC-39A Kennedy [148]Template:Sfn
135 Template:Sort
15:29:04 UTC
11:29:04 EDT 		Template:Center
File:STS-135 Patch.svg
 Atlantis 4 12d 18h LC-39A Kennedy [149]Template:Sfn[150]

Shuttle missions

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Canceled missions

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Template:Main One initial emergency flight abort (RTLS) sub-orbital test mission was canceled due to high risk. Many other planned missions were canceled due to the late development of the shuttle, and the Challenger and Columbia disasters.

Four missions were cut short by a day or more while in orbit: STS-2 (equipment failure),Template:Sfn STS-35 (weather),[51] STS-44 (equipment failure),Template:Sfn and STS-83 (equipment failure, relaunched as STS-94).Template:Sfn

Contingency missions

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File:Space shuttles Atlantis (STS-125) and Endeavour (STS-400) on launch pads.jpg
Atlantis and Endeavour on LC-39A and LC-39B. Endeavour was slated to launch for STS-400 rescue mission should Atlantis (STS-125) be found unable to return safely to Earth.

Template:Main STS-300 was the designation for the Space Shuttle Launch on Need (LON) missions to be launched on short notice for STS-114 and STS-121, in the event that the shuttle became disabled or damaged and could not safely return to Earth.[151][152][153] The rescue flight for STS-115, if needed, would have been STS-301. After STS-115, the rescue mission designations were based on the corresponding regular mission that would be replaced should the rescue mission be needed. For example, the STS-116 rescue mission was branded STS-317, because the normal mission scheduled after STS-116 was STS-117. Should the rescue mission have been needed, the crew and vehicle for STS-117 would assume the rescue mission profile and become STS-317. All potential rescue missions were to be launched with a crew of four, and would return with ten or eleven crew members, depending on the number of crew launched on the rescued shuttle. Missions were expected to last approximately eleven days. None of the planned contingency missions were ever flown.[154]

No contingency mission was planned for STS-135, the final shuttle mission. Instead, NASA planned to effect any required rescues one-by-one, using Russian Soyuz spacecraft.[155]

Flight Rescue Flight
STS-114 (Discovery) STS-300 (Atlantis)
STS-121 (Discovery) STS-300 (Atlantis)
STS-115 (Atlantis) STS-301 (Discovery)
STS-116 (Discovery) STS-317 (Atlantis)
STS-117 (Atlantis) STS-318 (Endeavour)
STS-118 (Endeavour) STS-322 (Discovery)
STS-120 (Discovery) STS-320 (Atlantis)Template:Efn
STS-122 (Atlantis) STS-323 (Discovery)Template:Efn
STS-123 (Endeavour) STS-324 (Discovery)
STS-124 (Discovery) STS-326 (Endeavour)
STS-125 (Atlantis) STS-400 (Endeavour)
STS-134 (Endeavour) STS-335 (Atlantis)

Flight statistics

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Orbiters

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Template:Shuttle stats

Flights

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Script error: No such module "Chart".

Timeline of missions

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Script error: No such module "anchor". Template:Shuttle timeline

See also

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Template:Portal

Notes

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Template:Notelist

References

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Bibliography

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